Equity - Greenhouse Gas Emissions - and Global Common Resources

Question: Connection between the Pollution of the Global Commons and Sustainability. Most Significant moral issues identified with the Pollution of the worldwide hall. Hugeness of contamination of the Global Commons in the business. Answer: Presentation The worldwide atmosphere strategy is one of the significant worries of changing the administration of the climate from an open view into the system of worldwide house. Worldwide house is made out of the asset regions which exist outside the compass of the country state. Contamination of the worldwide center consequently raises a progression of numerous difficulties. Contamination of worldwide lodge as the result of the business and mechanical movement and the release of family unit action is the developing far reaching worry in nature. These worries anyway emerge because of the few reasons (Edenhofer et al. 2013). Ecological morals is involved two measurements for example human to nature morals and human to human morals. While the maintainability of the earth is the necessary piece of the earth assurance and monetary development in the nation, it is required to address this lawful issue of the contamination of the worldwide lodge. Numerous associations are chipping away at this world wide issue as they are confronting a fast corruption in the earth as a result of the human weights and different impacts of the a worldwide temperature alteration (Pretorius 2016). Conversation The report examines and talks about the applicable moral issues and maintainability of the contamination of the worldwide house. Connection between the Pollution of the Global Commons and Sustainability The financial development of a nation is the basic part in the accomplishment of the reasonable turn of events. The World Conservation Strategy has contended about the incongruence of advancement and preservation. It focuses on the way that the development of a nation isn't just conceivable through the insurance of the earth from the contamination of worldwide center. The worldwide reactions assume a significant key job in advancing the joining, framework thought and coordination. This can help in defining the objectives and building up the measurements, supporting the limit improvement, producing the monetary assets and encouraging the prescribed procedures. At the universal level, the progression of the person and maintainability of the earth could be encouraged in the procedures and the reactions related with it. These national and territorial reactions were tending to the moves identified with nature and the ways to deal with the polycentric administration. It perceives the numer ous settings and accept the various movement community for the given scope of the limit needs, creating the sufficient reactions to the natural difficulties (Ivanova et al. 2012). The greater part of the Scientists are contributing in the mission for the supportable improvement of the planet, however these commitments are lessening because of the need of the consistent guarding of the human instinct. The development and the a dangerous atmospheric devation are broadly satisfactory by the researchers. It can't be prospered to the political practicality since it seems to compromise the strict convictions and issues. The development of the organic needs delivered on the planet alludes to the mix of the asset sparing and natural benevolent society. Innovation can contribute in finding the answer for the issue emerging because of the contamination of the worldwide house. Numerous strategies and techniques depend on the framework representing and checking the uncertain issues of the environment (Stern 2011). Until the unequal type of nature isn't dispensed with totally, the individuals ought to decrease their requests on the worldwide house till the satisfactory cap ital of the biology is gathered. Be that as it may, the confirmation and the control of the information quality will be a significant worry as it should adapt to the given assets and time. The adjustment of the populace is additionally viewed as fundamental as it decides the conveying limit of the planet and the overshoot of the biology broadcasting that the individuals had been over using the assets. To the incredible degree, the supportable utilization of the planet and the illuminated administration of the worldwide house and the eventual fate of the innovation all are in question (Cairns 2006) Most Significant moral issues identified with the Pollution of the worldwide house The developing issue in the current time is the contamination of the worldwide hall. It might be because of the at various times exercises of the people having a typical danger to the government assistance of the general public. The adjustment in the atmosphere is communicated by the a worldwide temperature alteration. These drawn out changes lead to the precipitation, sea saltiness, outrageous climate occasions, elevated tide levels, dry seasons and warmth waves (Baer 2016). The worldwide environmental change brings the contention activated by the scant assets and thus, there is a requirement for a moral way to deal with have the prompt and future ramifications on the individuals who are the quick casualties of the contamination of the worldwide center. The moral issues center around the causes and the impacts of the climatic changes. It is essential to consider the moral issues truly on the grounds that it is perceived in bringing down the fortifying situation of the network on the grounds of the morals. Be that as it may, the extension and the idea of the worries identified with the moral issues are recognized globally which have advanced, including the issues identified with the human connections. This produces the obligation to relieve and adjust the negative impacts of the earth (Dadush Shaw 2011). The developing accord of the adjustment in the worldwide atmosphere is influencing the well - being of the entire economy and it indistinctly characterizes the moral issues of the worldwide environmental change. The contamination of the worldwide lodge brings about different vulnerabilities making it hard to build up certain parts of the nature. These moral situations vary starting with one locale then onto the next. The group of people yet to come considers the vulnerability of the moral issues that rises up out of the contamination of the worldwide center. The moral qualities actualized into the training and conduct of the supportability of the worldwide hall establishes a significant piece of the nature in the earth. These moral issues are obviously tested by the contamination and decide the different decisions to be considered in building up the essentials for setting up the open door in the advancement of supportability of the worldwide lodge (UNESCO 2010). Hugeness of contamination of the Global Commons in the business For example, the worldwide lodge incorporates with the social legacy of the economy. From the most recent couple of decades, the developing business sector is ruled by the worldwide economy and rebalancing its capacity to go with the noteworthy difficulties looked by the contamination of the worldwide hall. It is hard to deal with the worldwide house because of the adjustments in the atmosphere including the normal and basic assets. Be that as it may, the distinction the mechanical limit of the business entangles the business bargains in keeping up the worldwide hall. The propelled center of the mechanical nations is creating channels of the worldwide joining with the developing business sector for the worldwide lodge. The moral problems emerge during the way toward keeping up the issues of the contamination of the worldwide center (Friends of the Earth 2016). In addition, these issues are rising in designating the assets between the modern and creating nations. The creating nations are contributing a little offer in the discharge in the relative air and the expense of accomplishing the objective is a lot higher than the created and mechanical nations. The supportable improvement of the worldwide center prompts the advancement of the business in an economy. The positive effect of the worldwide lodge on the building up nations' organizations improves the coordination of the concurrence with the modern nations. Progressively, the arrangements of these difficulties will be basically pounded in the worldwide market. (Dadush Shaw 2011). The expanding rivalry in the worldwide market drives the association to change its business arrangements and invested with the huge assets encountering the high overall revenue. This opposition makes the association to utilize assets in a deceptive way. Along these lines, the predictable development in the innovation prompts the development in the efficiency of the assets however it likewise expands contamination in the earth. The contamination of the worldwide house brings about the unpredictable example of the business over the long haul (Rametsteiner et al. 2006). Despite the fact that the mechanical nations assumed a significant job in causing the issues of the worldwide condition, they should focus towards giving the answers for these issues as they are harming the worldwide house. A few governments have taken the measures to advance the monetary proficiency of both at the national and universal level to diminish the natural corruption. These strategies have essentially decreased the paces of deforestation and it safeguards the important biodiversity. Through the disposal of the vitality appropriations, the carbon emanations get diminished drastically. The abuse of the normal assets prompts negative effect on the national and worldwide condition (Openknowledge 2016). Reaction for Ethical and Sustainable Issues The financial globalization has expanded the monetary combination and the association over the globe. The individuals are not initially and truly imagined to the regular access of the nature. In the biological sense, the worldwide house won't be overseen effectively if mankind disregards their duty. The moral concern gives the apparatus to the compelling manageability of the worldwide hall. The issues are generally overlooked because of the unimportance of the maintainability issues emerging due to the survey

Garmin Analysis - Looking To the Future Research Paper

Garmin Analysis - Looking To the Future - Research Paper Example So as to go ahead later on, there are three situations getting looked at, which are identified with various conceivable course of vital activities that the organization may follow to address its issues. In this report, these vital choices are assessed based on different budgetary models and graphic investigation of the company’s existing position and result of these choices. Before the examination is completed, it is valuable to give a synopsis table of the presentation of five recognized business fragments of the organization over the most recent three years. Business Segments 2011 Net Sales % Change in Sales 2011 EBIT % Change in EBIT 2010 Net Sales % Change in Sales 2010 EBIT % Change in EBIT 2009 Net Sales 2009 EBIT Outdoor 363,223 13.82 171,245 13.43 319,119 6.62 150,973 2.01 299,300 147,996 Fitness 298,163 23.99 107,881 24.72 240,473 41.77 86,499 49.02 169,624 58,046 Marine 221,730 11.50 60,092 - 3.75 198,860 11.94 62,431 8.71 177,644 57,430 Automobile/Mobile 1,590,598 - 4.69 171,717 - 16.60 1,668,939 - 18.75 205,887 - 57.86 2,054,127 488,584 Aviation 284,855 8.51 73,226 2.44 262,520 6.83 71,482 26.30 245,745 56,595 The table gave above gives drifts in net deals and EBIT of all business portions, which would be alluded to in the conversation identified with the situations introduced beneath. Situation #1: Assault on the Smartphone Market Under this future situation, the organization may plan to focus on the Smartphone showcase which is worth $65 billion and it has been developing at a quick pace of 20% consistently. The advanced cell showcase is dynamic as new markets are developing, for example, Africa and Asia. Be that as it may, the serious powers including organizations like Apple, Google, Nokia, Blackberry, Samsung, HTC, and even producers from Far East nations are as of now assuming a significant job in this industry having solid situating and they share a significant extent of the worldwide market. The organization should put intensely in cr eating advancements and gaining related organizations as Garmin doesn't have any related knowledge and its present piece of the pie is zero. The section into this market portion the organization will require a speculation of $3 billion that could be raised from the capital market by offers to both institutional and private financial specialists. Move to the Smartphone portion the organization will have strip non-tasks including avionics, and marine, in the third year and it hopes to get $500 million. Furthermore, thusly, the organization should relinquish the benefits created by these portions, which are as of now saw to back off in the year 2011. The accompanying budgetary examination depends on specific presumptions and comprehension with respect to eventual fate of Smartphone industry and the company’s venture choice: 1. The timespan for venture examination is viewed as 5 years from the culmination of the undertaking and initiation of deals. 2. The expense of speculation i s relied upon to be $3 billion which will be raised by giving extra 75 million offers at a cost of $40 per share. 3. The speculation is relied upon to create results from the year 2013. 4. In 2011, the Smartphone business has developed by 20% and same development rate is accepted for the year 2012 onwards as there are no indications of lull in both short and medium terms. 2011 ($ mn) 2012 ($ mn) 2013 ($ mn) 2014 ($ mn)

Blog Archive MBA News B-School Applications Make a Comeback

Blog Archive MBA News B-School Applications Make a Comeback According to an article in today’s Wall Street Journal, interest in MBA programs may be “heating up.” The latest word from the Graduate Management Admission Council, which surveyed 683 graduate business programs at 328 schools, is that MBA application volumes are on the rise after a four-year lull. Approximately half of the programs surveyed in 2013 reported growth, compared with just 43% last year. U.S. schools claimed a median 5% gain, though much of the applicant volume was due to international interestâ€"with 56% of programs reporting that they received more applications from international candidates than domestic ones. While full-time MBA programs seem to be attracting a healthy candidate pool, interest in part-time programs has been limited, incurring a volume increase among only 29% of respondent programs. Specialized master’s programs did not fare quite as well, either. However, as the Wall Street Journal notes, the demand for one-year MBAs remains on the upswing, with 55% of the programs surveyed reporting higher volumes of applicants for 2013. Application Volume for a Sampling of Full-Time, Two-Year MBA Programs Number of applications, 2012 Number of applications, 2013 % change 2012â€"2013 Olin Business School, Washington University in St. Louis 1,289 1,404 8.90% Columbia Business School 5,409 5,765 6.60% Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University 2,094 2,343 11.90% Harvard Business School 8,963 9,315 3.90% Anderson School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles 3,335 3,124 -6.30% Stanford Graduate School of Business 6,716 7,108 5.80% Fuqua School of Business, Duke University 3,161 3,150 -0.35% Fisher College of Business, Ohio State University 515 639 24.00% University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School 6,409 6,034 -5.90% Krannert School of Management, Purdue University 556 576 3.60% Source: Wall Street Journal Share ThisTweet News

How Do Pop Rocks Candy Work

Pop Rocks are a cool candy that pops when you put them in your mouth. They make a sizzling sound as they dissolve, the tiny explosions feel interesting, plus (in my opinion) they taste good. There was an urban legend that Mikey, the kid from the Life cereal ads who wont eat anything, ate Pop Rocks and washed them down with cola, and then died when his stomach exploded. Its completely untrue. If you swallow a handful of Pop Rocks and chug a soda, youll probably burp, but you wont die. If Mikey barely tried Life cereal, why would he eat Pop Rocks anyway? How exactly do Pop Rocks work? How Pop Rocks Work Pop Rocks are a hard candy that has been gasified with carbon dioxide using a patented process. Pop Rocks are made by mixing sugar, lactose, corn syrup, water, and artificial colors/flavors. The solution is heated until the water boils off and combined with carbon dioxide gas at about 600 pounds per square inch (psi). When the pressure is released, the candy shatters into small pieces, each containing bubbles of pressurized gas. If you examine the candy with a magnifying glass, you can see the tiny bubbles of trapped carbon dioxide. When you put Pop Rocks in your mouth, your saliva dissolves the candy, allowing the pressurized carbon dioxide to escape. Its the popping of the pressurized bubbles that makes the sizzling sound and shoots pieces of candy around in your mouth. Are Pop Rocks Dangerous? The amount of carbon dioxide released by a packet of Pop Rocks is about 1/10th as much as you would get in a mouthful of cola. Except for the carbon dioxide, the ingredients are the same as those of any hard candy. The popping of the bubbles is dramatic, but you wont shoot candy into your lungs or chip a tooth or anything. They are completely safe, though I doubt the artificial colors and flavors are particularly good for you.

Microeconomic Theory - 2302 Words

|ECON E-1010 | |Microeconomic Theory Spring, 2013 | Course Web Site: http://isites.harvard.edu/course/ext-23285/2013/spring Professor: Bruce Watson econe1010@dce.harvard.edu Lectures: Mondays 7:40 – 9:40 Science Center A Teaching Assistants: Teo Nicolais (For distance students) teo.the.ta@gmail.com Sections (On-line) at http://chat.dce.harvard.edu: To Be Announced Jodi Beggs (For in-class students) jodi@post.harvard.edu Sections: Tuesdays 6:30-8:00 (EST) Location TBA Office†¦show more content†¦We will make these calculations automatically for each student—you don’t have to â€Å"opt in† or â€Å"opt out† of one or the other weighting. We will make certain you receive the highest grade to which you are entitled. Requests for problem set or midterm exam regrades must be submitted to your grader no later that one week after your work has been returned. In order to allow for a timely and orderly response to your request, we must adhere to this policy without exception. We cannot regrade requests made after these deadlines. Grading Mechanics: Assigning Letter Grades Based on a Curve Semester grades are determined by a curve. The nature of a curve is that your grade is based on your performance relative to all other students in the class. It does not involve an â€Å"absolute standard,† e.g., 90 – 100 = A, 80 – 90 = B, etc., which you may be used to from some other courses. I believe that a curve is ultimately the fairest way to determine grades, since it does not set some arbitrary absolute standard, but judges students on their performance relative to their peers. With a curve, your grade is based on your percentile rank in the class, i.e., the percentage of students inShow MoreRelatedMicroeconomic Theory Essay1757 Words   |  8 PagesRunning head: Module 1 Homework Module 1 Homework Michael J Feller Allied American University Author Note This paper was prepared for ECN 150: Introduction to Microeconomics, Module 1 Homework taught by Dr. Dani Babb. 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Microeconomics covers the micro aspects viz. fundamentals, elements of demand and supply, costs, production formation, revenue, markets etc. (Samuelson and Nordhaus, 2003). With that being said, a good knowledge of these above listed aspects is necessary for management students as well as managers. Therefore, a thorough understanding of microeconomics and its principles is vital for effective decision-making. However, sinceRead MoreTheory Of Consumers Choice And Frontiers Of Microeconomics1207 Words   |  5 Pages Theory of Consumers Choice and Frontiers of Microeconomics The consumer’s choice theory studies how consumers make decisions and how they respond to changes in the environment (Mankiw, 2015). In today’s society, there are many changes, and as the years go on and innovations come forth, people are bound to change the way they live their life. As firms produce new and improved products, consumers will continue to buy into them. 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Compare and contrast optimal pricingRead MoreMicroeconomics of Customer Relationships930 Words   |  4 PagesReading: Microeconomics of Customer Relationships â€Æ' Reading: Microeconomics of Customer Relationships The follow is a critique and review of the reading of Microeconomic of Customer Relationships by Fred Reichheld. I will review the article and evaluate Mr. Reachheld. I will also apply economic theories into why and how I came to my conclusions. Overview on the Reading Microeconomic of Customer Relationships by Fred Reichheld is based on a simple survey based customer-relationship metricRead MoreArticle Analysis 61110 Words   |  5 Pages It begins with a covering known as economics that leads to a multitude root system known as microeconomics only to be fed by the morsels of supply and demand. Though what seems simple in building this mountain, many factors exist waiting for their chance to cause destruction. However, to understand our quest to the top, consumers must understand the clues that are defined as economics, microeconomics, Law of supply and the Law of demand. Dictionary.com states that economics is The social scienceRead MoreSustainable Competitive Advantage Through Core Competencies in a Resource Based Approach1633 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: The ability of some firms to sustain longer term competitive advantage relates to their capabilities according to the resource based theory of the firm. Summarise this approach to explain why some firms perform better than others in an industry. Sustainable Competitive Advantage Within all economies there have always been firms that are destined for success and firms that are doomed to failure... or have there? Is this an inevitable outcome predestined by exterior market forces

Racial Profiling by Police Must Stop Essay - 1201 Words

The great era of civil rights started in the 1960s, with Martin Luther King, Jr.s stirring I have a Dream speech at the historic march on Washington in August of 1963. At the same time Birmingham Police Commissioner Bull Connor used powerful fire hoses and vicious police attack dogs against nonviolent black civil rights activists. Although these years proved to be the highlight and downfall of civil rights in America, even with the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1965 Voting Rights Act being passed, time has repeated these tumultuous events again in the present. Racial profiling has been one of many civil rights issues concerning the unnecessary stopping and arresting of people based on race,†¦show more content†¦At many times, these minorities have been stopped and arrested for illegal offenses, however we are not sure if these stories have been filed truthfully by law enforcement officers. Many police departments face issues concerning racist law enforcement officers who cause the problems of racial profiling. One such example comes from the Hillside Police Department, where several racial bias charges have been made against them. Racial slurs have become common in the Hillside district, where even the department supervisor does background checks on minorities IN the squad, even to kick them off the squad. In this department, only two officers are Hispanic and one is of African decent. The officers, many of whom are white, are encouraged to target minorities first to fill their ticket quotas for the month. Hillside officers defend themselves saying that Hillside is 40 percent black and 20 percent Hispanic. However, the actions taken by Hillside officer, such as targeting to fill quotas and background checking, seem disconcerting. The Reverend Jesse Jackson even needed to call for federal protection for whistleblowing police officers. Because of the Law Enforcement Trust and Integrity Act, passed this year, other officials who witness this discriminating act are protected. It says, The identity of a law enforcement officer who complains in food faith to aShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Racial Profiling1488 Words   |  6 PagesRacial profiling existed back in the 18th century when black slaves were abused and oppressed by white men even those who didn’t own slaves. Throughout history, racial profiling still continues to be a controversial issue today. It’s practiced everyday. Racial profiling means using an individual’s race or ethnicity against them of committing a crime. This means oppressing other races to feel inferior and accusing others to a certain stereotype. Racial profiling is when a black person in ripped jeansRead More Racial Targeting and Profiling in the United States Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesRacial Targeting and Profiling in the United States The practice of targeting individuals for police investigation based on their race alone in the last few years has been an increasingly prominent issue in American society. Numerous magazines, newspapers, and journals have explored the issue of race-motivated police actions. Recently, the ABA Journal did a study of New Jersey and Pennsylvania traffic stops from 1998 to 2001, concluding that black drivers were more likely to be pulled over andRead MoreRacial Profiling: Individual Prejudice or Organizational Protocol?1626 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Profiling: Individual Prejudice or Organizational Protocol? Racial profiling is generally defined as discrimination put into action based on a stereotype. No one is excluded from the potential to experience some form of racial profiling, regardless of one’s race, gender, or religion. Racial profiling has existed in various forms since slavery. During the reconstruction of the South, the first sense of racial profiling began with â€Å"Black Codes†. â€Å"Black Codes† were created to maintain a newRead MoreEthical Issues in Film1518 Words   |  7 PagesRacial profiling is a term society has become familiar with in the past few years; however, it is not a new phenomenon. Racial profiling according to Fredrickson, occurs when law enforcement officials rely on race, skin color, and/or ethnicity as an indication of criminality, reasonable suspicion, or probable cause, except when it is part of the description of a particular suspect (1). There are many opposing views on racial profiling; some believe it to be a useful tool u sed by law enforcementRead MoreThe Stop-Question and Frisk Program1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe black or white, either-or and this or that misconceptions that are common in conversations with children seems to be arising over the Stop and Frisk Law in New York City. It has long been an issue of debate over whether it is a form of practicing racial profiling since its implementation. Arguments between advocates and critics of the law appear to be so incompatible that people are simply taking sides rather than trying to push the discussion forward. Frankly, supporters and protestors of theRead MoreThe Problem With Racial Profiling1561 Words   |  7 Pages we have a problem in our justice system with racial profiling. Racial profiling is defined as targeting or stopping an individual based on his or her race without suspicion of a crime. On one hand, we have people who are completely against racial profiling. On the other hand, some believe that there is no problem with racial profi ling. I am very interested in finding out both sides of this argument. What are the rights and wrongs of racial profiling? I chose Jeffrey Toobin’s (2013) blog post RightsRead MoreEssay On Racial Profiling1514 Words   |  7 PagesRacial profiling is a very important issue that individuals in society face every day. This problem occurs in low income or poverty-stricken areas throughout cities and communities across the nation. Hundreds of anecdotal testimonials allege that law enforcement officials at all levels of government are infringing upon the constitutional rights and civil liberties of racial and ethnic minorities through a practice called â€Å"racial profiling (Ward, 2002). So what is racial profiling? 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Racial profiling to me is a lot like any other problem in our society today. Many have different opinions on why it happens, and what we should do about it if it does happenRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Criminal Justice System1204 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Racial profiling is a major issue in American society. Its existence threatens every minority citizen of this country. Racial profiling is not fair and not effective because it relies on stereotypes and encourages discrimination. Examining cases that have occurred in the past and most recently help us fully understand this issue. Many studies and reports of racial profiling involve excessive use of force, police brutality, imposition of death penalty, traffic stops, stop and frisk issues

An Analysis of The Allegory of the Cave Example For Students

An Analysis of The Allegory of the Cave The Allegory of the Cave is Platos explanation of the education of the soul toward enlightenment. He sees it as what happens when someone is educated to the level of philosopher. He contends that they must go back into the cave or return to the everyday world of politics, greed and power struggles. The Allegory also attacks people who rely upon or are slaves to their senses. The chains that bind the prisoners are the senses. The fun of the allegory is to try to put all the details of the cave into your interpretation. In other words, what are the models the guards carry? e fire? the struggle out of the cave? the sunlight? the shadows on the cave wall? Socrates, in Book VII of The Republic, just after the allegory told us that the cave was our world and the fire was our sun. He said the path of the prisoner was our souls ascent to knowledge or enlightenment. He equated our world of sight with the intellects world of opinion. Both were at the bottom of the ladder of knowledge. Our world of sight allows us to see things that are not real, such as parallel lines and perfect circles. He calls this higher understanding the world abstract Reality or the Intelligeble world. He equates this abstract reality with the knowledge that comes from reasoning and finally understanding. On the physical side, our world of sight, the stages of growth are first recognition of images (the shadows on the cave wall) then the recognition of objects (the models the guards carry) To understand abstract reality requires the understanding of mathematics and finally the forms or the Ideals of all things (the world outside the cave). But our understanding of the physical world is mirrored in our minds by our ways of thinking. First comes imagination (Socrates thought little of creativity), then our unfounded but real beliefs. Opinion gives way to knowledge through reasoning (learned though mathematics). Finally, the realization of the forms is mirrored by the level of Understanding in the Ways of Thinking. The key to the struggle for knowledge is the reasoning skills acquired through mathematics as they are applied to understanding ourselves. The shadows on the cave wall change continually and are of little worth, but the reality out side the cave never changes and that makes it important. The ideals are mainly our concepts of courage, love, friendship, justice, and other unchanging qualities. I know this is a bit tricky, but it is how I see the allegory, and most of it is in the preceding and following books of the Republic. I think you should read those chapters, think about what I have said and zero in on what the allegory means to you. CAVE Plato, the most creative and influential of Socrates disciples, wrote dialogues, in which he frequently used the figure of Socrates to espouse his own (Platos) full-fledged philosophy. In The Republic, Plato sums up his views in an image of ignorant humanity, trapped in the depths and not even aware of its own limited perspective. The rare individual escapes the limitations of that cave and, through a long, tortuous intellectual journey, discovers a higher realm, a true reality, with a final, almost mystical awareness of Goodness as the origin of everything that exists. Such a person is then the best equipped to govern in society, having a knowledge of what is ultimately most worthwhile in life and not just a knowledge of techniques; but that person will frequently be misunderstood by those ordinary folks back in the cave who havent shared in the intellectual insight. If he were living today, Plato might replace his rather awkward cave metaphor with a movie theater, with the projector replacing the fire, the film replacing the objects which cast shadows, the shadows on the cave wall with the projected movie on the screen, and the echo with the loudspeakers behind the screen. The essential point is that the prisoners in the cave are not seeing reality, but only a shadowy representation of it. The importance of the allegory lies in Platos belief that there are invisible truths lying under the apparent surface of things which only the most enlightened can grasp. Used to the world of illusion in the cave, the prisoners at first resist enlightenment, as students resist education. But those who can achieve enlightenment deserve to be the leaders and rulers of all the rest. At the end of the passage, Plato expresses another of his favorite ideas: that education is not a process of putting knowledge into empty minds, but of making people realize that which they already know. This notion that truth is somehow embedded in our minds was also powerfully influential for many centuries. A report I had to do on Platos Allegory of the Cave. Plato was born 427 B. C. and died 347 B. C. He was a pupil under Socrates. During his studies, Plato wrote the Dialogues, which are a collection of Socrates teachings. One of the parables included in the Dialogues is The Allegory of the Cave. The Allegory symbolizes mans struggle to reach understanding and enlightenment. First of all, Plato believed that one can only learn through dialectic reasoning and open-mindedness. Humans had to travel from the visible realm of image-making and objects of sense to the intelligible or invisible realm of reasoning and understanding. The Allegory of the Cave symbolizes this trek and how it would look to those still in a lower realm. Plato is saying that humans are all prisoners and that the tangible world is our cave. The things which we perceive as real are actually just shadows on a wall. Just as the escaped prisoner ascends into the light of the sun, we amass knowledge and ascend into the light of true reality: ideas in the mind. Yet, if someone goes into the light of the sun and beholds true reality and then proceeds to tell the other captives of the truth, they laugh at and ridicule the enlightened one, for the only reality they have ever known is a fuzzy shadow on a wall. They could not possibly comprehend another dimension without beholdin! g it themselves, therefore, they label the enlightened man mad. For instance, the exact thing happened to Charles Darwin. In 1837, Darwin was traveling aboard the H. M. S. Beagle in the Eastern Pacific and dropped anchor on the Galapagos Islands. Darwin found a wide array of animals. These differences in animals sparked Darwin on research, which lasted well up to his death, culminating in the publishing of The Origin of Species in 1858. He stated that had not just appeared out of thin air, but had evolved from other species through natural selection. This sparked a firestorm of criticism, for most people accepted the theory of the Creation. In this way Darwin and his scientific followers parallel the escaped prisoner. They walked into the light and saw true reality. Yet when he told the imprisoned public what he saw, he was scoffed at and labeled mad, for all the prisoners know and perceive are just shadows on a wall which are just gross distortions of reality. Darwin walked the path to understanding just like the escaped prisoner in The Allegory of the Cave. Platos parable greatly symbolizes mans struggle to reach the light and the suffering of those left behind who are forced to sit in the dark and stare at shadows on a wall. Allegory of the Cave Plato illustrates his dualistic theory of reality by his famous Allegory of the Cave, at the beginning of Book VII of the Republic. Now then, says Socrates, as he introduces the allegory, imagine mankind as living in an underground cave which has a wide entrance open to the light. Manifest Destiny EssayIn the â€Å"Allegory of the Cave,† the people in the cave are chained to see just the shadows on the wall to which they perceive to be real. As one of these prisoners escapes, they walk into the light to find that what he once saw in the cave was actually just an illusion of what the truth is. In â€Å"Existentialism,† there is no God so every man is free to make their own choices and give their own meaning of life; however, the choices men make are what they consider all men to do, causing men to be responsible of their actions. Anguish is a similarity in both essays because both the escaped prisoner in the â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† and all men in â€Å"Existentialism† have a moral responsibility to their fellow man. The escaped prisoner is responsible for going back and informing the rest of the captives of what he saw. He has to explain to them that the ultimate reality is not the shadows on the wall but what is seen once you’re in the light. He then experiences anguish because the captives will not believe him. The essay states that: â€Å"Men would say of him that up he went and down he came without his eyes; and that it was better not even to think of ascending; and if any one tried to loose another and lead him up to the light, let them only catch the offender, and they would put him to death† (p. 1185). The cave is their world and what they see is their truth. The escaped prisoner is now an outsider and suffers because the other captives could not comprehend that what they are really seeing is just a bad distortion of reality. In â€Å"Existentialism,† man experiences anguish because he would not be able to get away from his responsibility of his actions and his choices because the decisions he makes not only affects him but those around him too. The narrator states that: â€Å"Every man ought to say to himself, ‘Am I really the kind of man who has the right to act in such a way that humanity might guide itself by my actions? ’ And if he does not say that to himself, he is masking his anguish† (p. 1292). Every man experiences anguish because they have the freedom of choice but the responsibility of all men. Therefore every choice that man makes must be a good one. Both Plato and Sartre have many different views in their essays and one opposing view is about the good and the bad. In Sartre’s essay, good decisions or choices are made because it is what is good for every man and that , â€Å"to choose to be this or that is to affirm at the same time the value of what we choose, because we can never choose evil. We always choose the good, and nothing can be good for us without being good for all† (p. 1291). Every man then does not choose the evil because what is evil for him will be evil for all; therefore, when man has to make a decision, he values each choice on how much good will come out of them. Although in â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave,† good is not considered first but last and to get there is a long and tortuous journey. Once the good is seen, they will see everything of a higher realm which is the true reality and be aware that goodness is the origin of everything that exists. The narrator states, â€Å" whether true or false, my opinion is that in the world of knowledge the idea of good appears last of all, and is seen only with an effort; and, when seen, is also inferred to be the universal author of all things beautiful and right † (p. 1185). Instead of carefully making every decision of what is good, the very thought of goodness comes last. In Plato’s essay, to reach the goodness you have to find the enlightened path. Another difference between the two essays is the thought of the limitations of the unlighted and enlightened path and subjectivity. In â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave,† the prisoners have to struggle to understand and reach enlightenment. The escaped prisoner had to travel through the journey of the visible, image-making realm of the cave to the intelligible realm of reasoning and understanding. He was subject to transform between these two realms. At first he had to reason with what he saw outside the cave. It was hard for him in the beginning because, â€Å"when he approaches the light his eyes will be dazzled and he will not be able to see anything at all of what are now called realities† (p. 1184). It was difficult for him to go through the transition of dark to light or unlighted to the enlightened. But once he got used to the light, he could see the truth and understand that what he saw and what the other unlighted captives still see in the cave are actually an illusion. Although in â€Å"Existentialism† men are subjected to more than two sort of realms. Since an existentialist creates their own meaning of life there is no limit like there is in Plato’s essay. The meaning of life is then changed with every decision made because there is no God or enlightened path to goodness. This leaves existentialists left with no excuses for their actions. Once they have made a choice there is no going back and he lives with his choices and blames no one but himself. The essay states: â€Å"Subjectivism means, on the one hand, that an individual chooses and makes himself; and, on the other, that it is impossible for man to transcend human subjectivity. Since there is no unlighted or enlightened path he is responsible for what he chooses and he can not turn back once a mistake is made. The views of goodness, limitations, and subjectivism binds together to explain the different views of human existence between Plato and Sartre. A man confined to life in a cave like Plato’s essay, is restricted to what he sees in the dark and what he will perceive as his reality and truth. While those who go into the light will have an opposing idea of what reality is and have an understanding of what the truth really is. The narrator states that: â€Å"he will first ask whether that soul of man has come out of the brighter life, and is unable to see because unaccustomed to the dark, or having turned from darkens to the day is dazzled by excess of light† (p. 1186). In Sartre’s essay, existence precedes essence where every man is free to lead his life the way he wants to. The essay states that: â€Å"Man is nothing else than his plan; he exists only to the extent that he fulfills himself; he is therefore nothing else than the ensemble of his acts, nothing else than his life† (p. 1297). Every man chooses where he wants to be in the future and his life will only go as far as he plans it to go and not restricted to any certain places or ideas like the men in the cave are in â€Å"Allegory of the Cave. † In conclusion, there are moral responsibilities in both essays, â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave† and â€Å"Existentialism. † Plato and Sartre both imply that anguish are felt among all men but their views of goodness, limitations and subjectivism of life and the human existence vary in their essays. Whether it is best to believe in God or not, moral responsibility is placed on every man.